Basic points in reading Organic Chemistry

Hi students

               In this session, we shall learn the key points in Organic Chemistry before reading in depth.

               Most of the students might feel new and difficult while reading the subject. So, understand the fundamentals and earn full marks in exams.

               Let's begin with Nomenclature of organic compounds. The term organic refers to carbon-related compounds. Therefore, organic chemistry deals with carbon atom and compounds. 

There are 5 main types of organic compounds. 

       i) Aliphatic compounds

      ii) Saturated and unsaturated compounds

     iii) Aromatic compounds

     iv) Alicyclic compounds and 

     v) Heterocyclic compounds.

Aliphatic compounds:

     These contain open- chain of carbon atoms.

     Examples are Ethane, Propane, Ethyl alcohol, Acetic acid.

Saturated and unsaturated compounds

     These contain only Carbon and Hydrogen atoms ie. Hydrocarbon.

     Saturated hydrocarbons contain C-C single bonds.

     Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain C=C bonds or CΞC bonds.

     Examples include Ethane, Ethylene and Acetylene.

Aromatic compounds

    Benzene and all compounds that have structure like benzene are aromatic compounds.

    Examples are Aniline and Napthalene.

Alicyclic compounds 

    These are cyclic compounds containing only carbon atoms.

    Examples are Cyclopropane, Cyclobutane and Cyclohexane.

Heterocyclic compounds

      Cyclic compounds in which ring atoms are of carbon or some other element.

      Examples are Pyridine and Quinolone.